lex prospicit, non respicit
• “the law looks forward not backward” (Co v. CA, En Banc, G.R. No. 100776, October 28, 1993, citing Development Bank of the Philippines v. Court of Appeals, et al, G.R. No 97998, Jan. 27, 1992)
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expressio unius est exclusio alterius
Latin maxim. • “The expression of one thing is the exclusion of another.” (San Miguel Corporation Employees Union-Phil. Transport and General Workers Org. v. San Miguel Packaging Products Employees Union-Pambansang Diwa ng Manggagawang Pilipino, G.R. No. 171153, September 12, 2007, 533 SCRA 125, 152). • “the express mention of one person, thing, act, or consequence…
delegatus non potest delegare
Latin maxim. • “that a delegated power may not be further delegated by the person to whom such power is delegated, and that in all cases of delegated authority, where personal trust or confidence is reposed in the agent and especially where the exercise and application of the power is made subject to his judgment…
cessante ratione legis, cessat et ipsa lex
Latin maxim • “when the reason of the law ceases, the law itself ceases.” (Commendador v. De Villa, En Banc, G.R. No. 93177, August 2, 1991) • “when the reason for a law ceases, the law itself ceases” OxfordReference.com • related to ratio legis est anima: the reason of law is its soul.
actus me incito factus non est meus actus
Latin maxim • “an act done by me against my will is not my act” (United States v. Ah Chong, En Banc, G.R. No. L-5272, March 19, 1910)
stare decisis et non quieta movere
Latin maxim. • “to adhere to precedents and not to unsettle things which are established” (Lazatin v. Desierto, G.R. No. 147097, June 5, 2009)
interpretare et concordare legibus est optimus interpretandi
Latin maxim. • “every statute must be so construed and harmonized with other statutes as to form a uniform system of jurisprudence” (OSG v. CA, G.R. No. 199027, June 9, 2014)
